Subungual exostoses are osteochondromas. They occur mainly under the medial nail folds of the great toes, although they can appear on the lesser toes. They present with a complaint of pain in the toe, sometimes localised to the nail fold. Sometimes the swelling itself may cause pressure on the shoe. Some have a history of trauma or previous nailbed surgery (which may have been for an "ingrowing toenail' that was, in fact, the exostosis).