Scoliosis is the most common disorder of the spine that is encountered by pediatricians and pediatric orthopaedic surgeons. Scoliosis can alter the physical appearance of the affected individual dramatically, and it has both physiological and psychological impact. Depending on its severity and on the skeletal age of the child, scoliosis is managed by close observation, bracing, and/or surgery.
Erik C. King, MD and John F. Sarwark, MD Journal of Childrens Memorial Hospital Chicago 2002

Images associated with Scoliosis in ARRS archive (108 images in July 2007)

Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
- vital capacity <75% (of predicted values) is seen in thoracic curves> 75 deg; - significant reductions in pulmonary function are seen in curves> 80 deg; - although some effect on pulmonary function can be seen at 60 deg, significant compromise is not seen until the curve is> 90 deg; - curves greater than 100 deg have total lung capacity of about 50% of normal; - w/ curves between 100 - 140 deg, average vital capacity is 60%; - restrictive lung disease and right sided heart failure become manifest at curves about 120 deg; - Effect of Bracing: (see bracing in scoliosis) - application of brace results in sig reduction in vital capacity (14%), f(x) residual capacity (22%), & total lung capacity (12%); - bracing will reduce lung function by 10 to 15%

SYRINGOMYELIA AND SCOLIOSIS

Uses the search string allintitle: kyphoscoliosis OR scoliosis OR "spinal deformity" OR "spinal curvature" for over 146,000 sites in July 2007. This search should be refined to suit your interest. For example the addition of Luque to the search string brings it down to 12 results

Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
See also: - Crankshaft Phenomenon: - Epiphysiodesis - Hemivertebrae: - Pathogenesis - Spine Development - Segmented Vertebrae: - Spina Bifida - Spondylosis - Unilateral Bar - Associated Malformations

Objectives
Describe the embryology of the spine from the notochordal stage until complete vertebral segmentation
List the common types of congenital scoliosis described by McMaster and the prognosis of each one
Discuss the incidence and nature of other anomalies accompanying congenital scoliosis
Discuss the role of bracing for congenital scoliosis
Describe the types and locations of congenital scoliosis most likely to progress, and appropriate age to consider surgical intervention

Synonyms and related keywords: hyperlordosis, lordosis, kyphosis, scoliosis, congenital scoliosis, sacral agenesis, lumbosacral agenesis, cervical spine anomalies, basilar impression, invagination, occipitalization of the atlas, assimilation of the atlas into the occipital bone, occipitocervical synostosis, odontoid anomalies, Klippel-Feil syndrome, Trisomy 21 syndrome, Down syndrome, deletion 5p syndrome, chromosomal number 5 syndrome, Kabuki syndrome, Noonan syndrome, Turnerlike syndrome, Aarskog syndrome, cervico-oculo-acoustic syndrome, Wildervanck syndrome, MURCS association, VACTERL association, Jarcho-Levin syndrome, spondylothoracic dysplasia, proteus syndrome

Illustrations only at present. This may be a work in progress

Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
Sciolosis: - w/ a mobile lumbar or thoracolumbar curve, CD instrumentation can provide permanent derotation and restoration of lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis; - in other words there is improved saggital plane correction

Glossary of about 50 scoliosis related terms

Deformity apex, lordosis, olisthesis in adult thoracolumbar and lumbar scoliosis. Correlation with disability. A multi-center radiographic and health status analysis.
Presentation from the Maimonides Medical Center & Spinal Deformity Study Group.

Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics
frequently double curves balance out & do not produce cosmetic deformity; - they do not tend to progress unless> 60 deg at skeletal maturity; - operative indications: - marked progression of curves; - disadvantages of surgery: - instrumentation must be applied to almost the entire spine

Discussion by the Scoliosis Research Society. Pitched at quite a general level.

Contents -Introduction Indications Relevant Anatomy And Contraindications Workup Treatment Complications Outcome And Prognosis Future And Controversies Bibliography
Synonyms and related keywords: thoracic scoliosis, thoracolumbar scoliosis, lumbar scoliosis, early onset scoliosis, early onset idiopathic scoliosis, late onset scoliosis, late onset idiopathic scoliosis, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, juvenile idiopathic scoliosis, infantile idiopathic scoliosis, adolescent scoliosis, juvenile scoliosis, infantile scoliosis, kyphoscoliosis, rotoscoliosis, spinal deformity