Definition Scoliosis means abnormal curvature of the spine. The curvature takes place in three dimensions. The normal spine is straight in the anterior-posterior direction, or when one looks at a person from front-back. The normal spine is curved in the lateral direction, or when one looks at a person from the side. There is a gentle kyphosis, or bending forward, of the thoracic spine, or the spine in the chest. There is a bending backward, or lordosis, of the lumbar spine, or the spine that is between the chest and the pelvis. In scoliosis, the normally straight spine in the front-back direction becomes S-shaped, and the normally curved spine in the side direction typically straightens out (Figure 1). In addition, the spine twists on its axis, pushing the ribs and flanks backward and forward to produce a prominence, or "hump" (Figure 2).

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Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine. In scoliosis, the spine curves to the side when viewed from the front, and each vertebrae also twists on the next one in a corkscrew fashion

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Muscular Dystrophy is a group of over 40 diseases in which a genetic defect results in progressive damage to the muscles. One of the most common and most severe types of muscular dystrophy is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). This type of dystrophy occurs when muscles are not able to produce a protein called dystrophin. Without this essential protein, muscles lose their strength and eventually stop working. Expert

Scoliosis is a musculoskeletal condition that primarily affects children and adolescents, in which there is an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, causing the spinal column to bend to the left or right. Whereas most people's spines have the appearance of a straight line, when viewed from directly behind the person, the spine of someone with scoliosis more closely resembles the letter S or C, because of the abnormal curvature.

Nonstructural scoliosis is a simple side-to-side curve of the spine. Structural scoliosis adds to that simple curve a rotation of the vertebrae, resulting in a twisting of the spine.
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Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine to one side. In those who have the condition, the spine bends either to the left or to the right. The bend can occur at any point along the spine, from the top to the bottom. The curvature can also vary from a slight to severe. However, the chest area (thoracic scoliosis) and the lower part of the back (lumbar scoliosis) are the most common regions to be affected.
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Overview of causes and treatments. A spine with scoliosis has abnormal curves with a rotational deformity. This means that the spine turns on its axis like a corkscrew. Compare the more subtle curve of the normal spine to the severe curvature of the scoliotic spine Expert

Pediatrics: Scoliosis Definition Scoliosis means abnormal curvature of the spine. The curvature takes place in three dimensions. The normal spine is straight in the anterior-posterior direction, or when one looks at a person from front-back. The normal spine is curved in the lateral direction, or when one looks at a person from the side. There is a gentle kyphosis, or bending forward, of the thoracic spine, or the spine in the chest. There is a bending backward, or lordosis, of the lumbar spine, or the spine that is between the chest and the pelvis. In scoliosis, the normally straight spine in the front-back direction becomes S-shaped, and the normally curved spine in the side direction typically straightens out (Figure 1). In addition, the spine twists on its axis, pushing the ribs and flanks backward and forward to produce a prominence, or "hump" (Figure 2).

Scoliosis is a condition that involves complex lateral and rotational curvature and deformity of the spine. It is typically classified as congenital (caused by vertebral anomalies present at birth), idiopathic (sub-classified as infantile, juvenile, adolescent, or adult according to when onset occurred) or as having developed as a secondary symptom of another condition, such as cerebral palsy or spinal muscular atrophy.

Muscular Dystrophy is a group of over 40 diseases in which a genetic defect results in progressive damage to the muscles. Patients with SMA experience progressive muscle weakness in the arms and legs, bone and spinal deformities, and breathing difficulties. Expert

In Depth Review of Scoliosis - Common Types (Idiopathic)